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Gracila albomarginata in Indonesia
Masked grouper

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Gracila albomarginata   (Fowler & Bean, 1930)
Family:	Serranidae (Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets) , subfamily: Epinephelinae			picture (Gralb_u2.jpg) by Randall, J.E.
Order:	Perciformes  (perch-likes)
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
FishBase name:	Masked grouper
Max. size:	40.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 9710)
Environment:	reef-associated ; depth range 6 - 120 m
Climate:	tropical; 29°N - 24°S
Global Importance:	fisheries: minor commercial
Resilience:	Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)
Distribution:	Indo-Pacific: northern Mozambique to French Polynesia, north to Okinawa, south to the northern Great Barrier Reef. Unknown from the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. Recorded from Europa Island (MNHN 1992-0983, Ref. 33390).
Diagnosis:	Dorsal spines (total): 9-9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-16; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 9-10. Readily identified by the white square on their sides, blue in natural light (Ref. 48635). Differs from all shallow water Micronesian Cephalopholis except C. polleni by having truncate tail (Ref. 37816).
Biology:	An active swimmer usually found on outer reef slopes and channels adjacent to deep water. Hovers above the bottom and probably feeds primarily on fishes (Ref. 9710). It is uncommon and usually solitary, however Myers (1989, Ref. 4538) reported of occasional sightings of groups of 3 or 4 fish
Threatened:	Data deficient, see IUCN Red List  , (Ref. 36508)
Dangerous:	harmless
Coordinator:	Heemstra, Phillip C.
Main Ref:	Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall. 1993. (Ref. 5222)
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Indonesia country information
Common names:	White-square cod		Ref:  Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka, 2001
Status:	native		Ref:  Kunzmann, A., J.E. Randall and I. Suprihanto, 1998
Salinity:	marine
Importance:	minor commercial		Ref:
Uses:	no uses
Comments:	Known from Flores (Ref. 8631, 47567) and Mentawai Islands (Ref. 27157). Also recorded from Raja Ampat Islands, Manado and vicinity, Sangalakki Island and Togean and Banggai Islands; with an Indonesian distribution from Papua to Sumatra (Ref. 47567). Museum: USNM 89985 (holotype, Borneo, Kalimantan, Danawan Is., vicinity of Sibuko Bay). Also Ref. 4787, 48635.
Country Information:	www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/id.html
Occurrences:	Occurrences    Point map
Main Ref:	Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993
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	Note: No data are available if label is black .
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Internet sources:	BiOSC Point Data | CISTI | GMAD | Google | GOBASE | GenBank ( genome, nucleotide ) | National databases | PubMed | Scirus | Tree of Life | Zoological Record Check for FishWatcher | Check for other web sites | Check for Fish Forum |
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	Checked:  Capuli, Estelita Emily	Modified:  Santos, Kristine	Entered:  Capuli, Estelita Emily

	Ref.:				Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)				(e.g. cephalopods)
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Page created by: Eli, 20.10.03, last modified by Eli, 26.06.07