Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Witch

Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Classification	Actinopterygii \| Pleuronectiformes \| Pleuronectidae \| Pleuronectinae
Synonyms	Pleuronectes cynoglossus, Glyptocephalus acadianus, Platessa elongata, ... more
Common names	Witch flounder, Plie cynoglosse, Mendo, ... more

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Image of Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Witch)

Picture by Svensen, E.

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AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS

Main reference

Cooper, J.A. and F. Chapleau. 1998. (Ref. 30193)
Other references | Biblio | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 60.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4705); max. published weight: 2,500 g (Ref. 35388); max. reported age: 25 years (Ref. 6263)

Length at first maturity

L_m 28.23, range 25 - 35 cm

Environment

Demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 18 - 1570 m (Ref. 5951), usually 45 - 366 m (Ref. 6263)

Climate / Range

Temperate; 2°C - 6°C (Ref. 6263); 74°N - 35°N, 79°W - 26°E

Eastern Atlantic: Northern Spain to northern Norway. Western Atlantic: Gulf of St. Lawrence and Grand Banks in Canada to North Carolina in USA (Ref. 7251).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 95 - 120; Anal soft rays: 85 - 102. Pectoral fin of eyed side shorter than head. Distal part of pectoral fin blackish (Ref. 232). Large mucus pores on the blind side of the head. Uniform coloration, rough scales. Body elongated with complete straight lateral line (Ref. 35388).

Inhabits soft mud bottoms in fairly deep water (Ref. 9988). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on crustaceans, polychaetes, brittle stars (Ref. 9988) and fishes (Ref. 58426). Marketed fresh or frozen; eaten steamed, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).


IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 57073)	Threat to humans
Not Evaluated	Harmless

Human uses
Fisheries: commercial


More information
Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration	Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg development	Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment Abundance	Other references Biblio Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Diseases Processing	Collaborators Pictures Stamps Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision

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Summary page \| Point data \| Common names \| Photos

Internet sources

Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)

PD₅₀ = 0.6250

Resilience (Ref. 69278)

Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.15-0.2; tmax=25)


Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)	Price category (Ref. 80766)
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100)	High

Entered by Luna, Susan M.

Modified by Garilao, Cristina V.

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